Biodiversity in Cuc Phuong is very high. There are 19 plant communities, more than 2000 species belonging to 299 families, 918 genera. 118 rare species were discovered, 240 species can be used as dye, 137 species supply tannin...and some are new species for science.

      Fauna in Cuc Phuong is also rich and diverse, there are 571 species of vertebrate animals, including 65 species of fish, 67 species of reptile, 43 species of frog, 307 species of bird and 89 species of mammal. Sixty-four of these species are listed in Vietnam Red Book of endangered wildlife. Besides, there are 12 species of crustacean, 1800 forms of insect and numerous mollusks. Some are Cuc Phuong endemic species and newly discovered in Cuc Phuong.